Introduction
Since statisticians do not usually perform experiments, their claim to attention when they write on this subject requires some explanation. It is true that on many important aspects of experimentation the statistician has no expert knowledge. Nevertheless, in recent years, research workers have turned increasingly to statisticians for help both in planning their experiments and in drawing conclusions from the results. That this has happened is convincing evidence that statistics has something to contribute....
...From this point of view, the problem of summarizing the results may be restated in the question: what can we say about the true difference between A and B? This is a problem in induction from the part to the whole, or in statistical language, from the sample to the population. A solution to this problem has been developed by means of the theory of statistics. It is this solution that constitutes the principal contribution of statistics to the interpretation of the results.
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